Motor controlling

Index

• General information
• AC motors
• DC motors
• Servo motor control
• RC servo control circuits
• Stepper motors
• Other motor control related circuits
• Related pages

Electrical motor control

General information

• DSPs excel in motor-control applications - motor control is a new application for DSPs that can help to lower motor costs, give better reliability and make them consume less energy
• Electric Motor Terminology
• Information about different surge suppression devices - motors are inductive and can cause voltage surges
• Inside an Electric Motor
• Motors - basic information about electric motors
• Noise in audio/video & R/C systems - noise can be caused by a number of things including poor power ground schemes and poor power distribution
• Steppers, Servos, Motors & Actuators - larnign center of tutorials
• The difference between Stepper Motors, Servos, and RC Servos

AC motors

General information articles

• 3 phase A.C. Motor Windings and Connection
• Basic Motor Control Schematics
• Control by a triack for an inductive load - application note AN308 from SGS-Thomson
• Controller provides multimode phase control - inexpensive 16C508 multichip controller can implement a phase controller that provides a two-key, indexed processor for ac power or other discrete, digital-signal applications
• Design Decisions and Parameter Selections Dealing with Traction AC Drives
• Equations for Electrical Motors
• Generate advanced PWM signals using 8-bit µCs - hot to generate waveforms needed for variable speed three phase motor controlling
• Magnetic Noise Reduction Method of Inverter Driven Induction Motors
• Medium Voltage Drive Technology: A Comparison
• Motor Controllong Application Notes from LSI Computer Systems
• Motor Formulas - check also other useful formulas
• Power Factor Correction
• Rules Of Thumb

Using three phase motor on single phase supply

• Home Made 3 Phase - one way to generate 3 phase power from single phase supply
• Phase Converters - use one phase power to run three phase motor
• Three-Phase AC Inverter - driving up to 400W asyncronous motor from single phase mains supply, part of documentation in French
• Understanding and selecting a phase converter - from 1 phase power to 3 phase electrical motor

Circuits

• 220V motor speed control - can be used for controling the RPM of a ball mill and star rolling machine motors,or electric drills
• 230V AC motor controller - controls speed of 230V AC universal motor, in pdf format, text in Finnish
• Motor Speed Control - allows you to control the speed of an AC motor, for example an electric drill, designed for 115V AC
• Power Tool Torque Control - 117V AC drill/power tool speed controller circuit
• Rotating Spark Gap Speed Controller - very simple single phase 230V AC motor speed controller
• Universal series motor control with feedback - controls 120V AC motor speed, circuit versions for 1A, 3A and 15A loads

DC motors

Articles

• Battery Motors & Controllers FAQ
• Driving DC Motors - application note in pdf format
• Permanent Magnet Motors and Their Applications - when you need high starting/acceleration torque, linear speed-torque properties, and energy efficiency in a compact package, permanent magnet DC motors are often the way to go
• Procedure for Identifying Permanent Magnet DC Motors - DC Motor Overview, Permanent Magnet DC Motor Equations and Transfer Functions, and Identification of DC Motor Parameters: Kb, Kt, R, Jo, L, D, and Kf
• Weigh the benefits of fuzzy-logic vs classical control in a disk-drive spindle - you can apply fuzzy- and classical-control techniques to any servo-control loop, example on driving dc 3-phase, 12-pole spindle motor along with the driver electronics

Circuits

• Audio amp makes efficient fan controller - with a simple modification, you can use an audio-amplifier IC to control a fan module
• Boost converter controls 12V fan from 5V supply - temperature-controlled PWM boost converter allows operation of a 12V brushless dc fan from a 5V supply
• Circuits provide 4- to 20-mA PWM control - are useful when you use 4- to 20-mA current-loop signals to control a PWM signal
• Computer controller for DC motors
• DC Motor Speed Controller - Control the speed of any common DC motor rated up to 100V (5A). Operates on 5V to 15V. Uses NE556 to pulse-width modulate a high current switching power transistor, TIP122. In this way motor torque is maintained. Adjustable speed control.
• DC Motor Controller - controls small 2.5-7V motors, in pdf format, text in Finnish
• >DC Motor Speed Control Using the ZTC450 Transistor - circuit which imprives load/speed regulation of DC motor by cancelling out the effect of the motor roto resistance, deisgn note in pdf format
• Digital Speed Control for RC car - DC motor PWM controller that takes the 1ms to 2ms pulse from the RC receiver and converts it into a pwm train at 1Khz
• Fan controller adapts to system temperature
• H Bridge Motor control - general introduction to H bridges
• H bridge switch for small motors - simple switch circuit for reversing and stopping a motor without any control of speed
• H-Bridge Motor Driver - drives small DC motors up to about 100 watts or 5 amps or 40 volts
• MOSFET switch provides efficient ac/dc conversion - suitable circuit for DC motor powering from AC from transformer
• Motor controller operates without tachometer feedback - used back-EMF for motor speed controlling to make a voltage controlled motor speed controller
• Motor PWM controller - runs small DC ad adjustable speed
• PCB Drill Controller - uses a Pulse-Width-Modulation technique with current feedback to keep the speed of cheap 12V PCB drills more constant
• Pulse Width Modulation DC Motor Control - controls the motor speed by driving the motor with short pulses
• PWM Motor/Light Controller - 12 or 24V pulse width modulator for light dimming or DC motor controlling
• PWM Motor/Light Controller by G. Forrest Cook
• PWM Motor/Light Controller Variations - diagrams are for 12V operation and there are high side (common ground) and low side (common +12V) versions
• PWM speed control - includes theory and some example circuits
• Servo pulse to PWM converter - attemps to be an interface to convert pulses from R/C receiver to a dual PWM(Pulse Width Modulation) signal required by an H-bridge
• Simple PWM controller - 555 timer based PWM motor control project for electric fan or other DC motor
• Simple µC acts as dedicated motor control - PIC16C84 circuit accepts control words from an 8-bit digital bus and controls motor

Servo motor control

• All About Servos - servo consists of a small motor, a gearset, a feedback potentiometer, and some control electronics, more details with pictures in this document
• Controlling RC servos
• Hacking a Servo - what is inside typical RC servo and how to modify it
• PID and Servos - introduction to Proportional, Integral and Differential control
• Pulse Width Position Servo
• Remote Antenna Tuner - uses RC servo motor
• Servo Control articles from Control Technology Corporation

RC servo control circuits

• About.com Guide to Radio Controlled Vehicles
• Futaba compatible servo tester 1 - simple RC servo motor tester/controller based on CD4001
• Futaba compatible servo tester 2 - simple RC servo motor tester/controller based on 555 timer IC
• Parallel Port Interface to Servos - includes example program for PC written in BASIC, also at http://ftp.cised.unina.it/pub/electronics/ftp.armory.com/SRVO/servopgm.bas
• Parallel Port Servo Controller - gives you 256 different positions over the full range of the servo
• PIC R/C Servo Control Code
• RC Electronics Projects - lots of projects published in the UK magazine Radio Control Models and Electronics
• R/C Model Electronics Home page
• R/C Web Directory
• Servo Motor H-Bridge replacement - TTL driven from the TTL DIR level, based on 7404 ICs and will provide about 150ma of current
• Servos 101 - basics of RC servo motor operation described
• Servo Lead Pinouts
• Servo-Motor 101 - introduction to RC servo technology and some ideas for servo modifications
• Servo Motor Driver - based on PIC16C71, kit from Amazon Electronics
• The RC Transmission! - text explains what kind of signals are sent from the TX to the RX of an "FM" radio control set, how they are decoded, and ideas about producing it yourself
• Simple 555 based servon control circuit
• Various Information on Servos - RC servo related information and circuits
• Various Information on Servos - RC servo motor cross reference and example circuits

Stepper motors

Tutorials

• Control of Stepping Motors, a tutorial - what you neet to know about stepper motors, also at http://homepage.cistron.nl/~nctnico/docs/steppers.txt
• FAQ File - Stepper Motors - zipped text file
• Stepper motors - how to connect to pc and useful link collection
• STEPPER MOTOR Information and Technical Forum
• Stepper motor references
• Understand Stepper Parameters Before Making Measurements - torque, accuracy, and resolution are the key specs highlighting stepper-motor performance
• Use disk drive motors in our projects - use stepper motors and controllers from old disk drives

Stepper controllers

• Remote two wire positioner - Send power to a remote stepper motor and also control its rotation and speed over only two wires, pdf file
• Rotary controller positions stepping motor - uses a servo potentiometer to provide the necessary drive pulses for a stepping motor
• Stepper Motor Controller - very simple and inexpensive circuit built from standard components and can easily be adapted to be controlled by a computer
• Unipolar Stepper Motor Driver kit - Drives any 5, 6 or 8 lead unipolar stepper motor. Based on the UCN5804 IC. All features of this IC (direction, on/off, phase control & half step) are brought out to SPDT PCB-mounted switches.Three run modes supported.

Computer interface for steppers

• A Worked Stepping Motor Example - running stepper motors using PC parallel port and some electronics
• Dual Stepper Motor Controller - Connects to the PC printer port & will drive two stepper motors up to max. 3A each. All contained in an extended D-shell case. Will also accept 4 inputs from external switches. DOS based software (including source) supplied to control motors and monitor inputs. Software will run interactively or process a text file of commands. Software even allows manual single stepping of motors.
• PC's BIOS interrupt drives twin stepper motors - design idea for computer controlled stepper motor system
• Software for Stepper Motor Control - simple stepper motor controlling using C, C++, Turbo Pascal, Basic and MswLogo programming languages
• Stepper motors - how to connect to pc and useful link collection

Desing ideas

• ADC controls multiple stepper motors - design idea to use ADC in stepper motor controlling
• Circuit controls isolated 12V stepper motor - allows full direction and step control of a 12V, four-phase stepper motor from a 5V, TTL/CMOS-compatible logic controller
• Circuit controls slew for stepper drive - slewing control for stepper motors that you use in sophisticated applications, such as monochromator movements in optical experiments
• Compucut - stepper motor driver with enhanced software for controlling real machines making real jobs, suitable for pcb production etc.

Other motor control related circuits

• DIY Wavemaker - controls two electric water pumps
• Driving a N channel FET from TTL - Meant as a quick n easy example of how to switch high current 12V dc from TTL.
• High-side driver feeds IGBTs and MOSFETs
• Pulse Width Modulators - generating PWM waveform is extremely simple with the circuits shown in this page
• RC switch - converts RC motor control signal to switch output
• RS-232C line-driver IC drives power MOSFETs - easy to effect an interface between power MOSFETs and TTL circuits
• Joystick Interfaces - analogue interfaces for joysticks for motor controllers
• MOSFET current sensing - method of 'mirror' current sensing a MOSFET
• Precharged capacitor ensures high-side start-up - when you use a high-voltage bridge driver, such as the IR2110 or the newer IR2155, a complete driver circuit can exhibit erratic behavior when you apply power if it is designed exactly right
• Programmable Clock Oscillator - voltage controller oscillator that was designed as a wide range oscillator to generate clock pulses for a stepper motor drive system, frequency could be varied over 1,000,000:1
• Pulse width to voltage converter
• Tacho generator motor speed feedback
• Two buttons provide safe start - safety interlock that checks the actuation of two pushbuttons before enabling a relay

Related pages in this site

• Robotics page